Diabetes is a pathological process involving disorders in the endocrine system, developing as a result of the relative or absolute cause of insulin hormone deficiency. The result is a strong increase in blood glucose concentration (hyperglycemia).
A characteristic characteristic of the disease is that the exchange violations at all system levels and a chronic course. To realize the complexity of diabetes, the dangers of many disorders accompanied by the disease, it is necessary to thoroughly reveal the concepts of energy entities and metabolism.
For the harmonious activity of all body systems, energy is very important. The body cannot create independence, so it consumes it from external resources.
One of the special and important carriers of the unique energy is the food base. Carbohydrate complexes, such as the ingredients of the food, are provided to the organisms of people within 50-75% of the general energy.
Carbohydrate is the most organic substance on the earth's surface, they are kept at cell level in all living matter. They transferred energy to agencies, bringing life and prosperity to all systems.
But the body itself does not synthesize carbohydrates, but take them with food. The largest number of these factors is concentrated in plant cells.
Carbohydrate is divided into simple (or monosacaride) and complex (or polysacaride). The first type includes glucose and fructose, second - cellulose, starch, glycogen. The assimilation of all types occurs with different levels of speed. Monosacaride, as an energy basis, entered the bloodstream at a fast speed, creating a sharp increase. The process of polysacaride is very slow. The main role of polysacaride is the stability and digestive quality in the intestine and the excretion of toxic substances and slag complexes.
Glucose is a dominant energy supplier, it is not free of publishing in food. Its formation occurs by the decay of the third carbohydrate during food processing, then it is transported to blood. The level of sugar always increases at the same time. Then, under the control and operation of insulin, glucose transmits into a cage. After moving inside, glucose performs a metabolic process.
Adjust the road processThe most important function in regulating carbohydrate metabolism belongs to pancreatic hormones - insulin. The pancreas (pancreas) is an organ that is responsible for the function and development of excretion inside and outside. Internal secretion creates antagonistic hormones: insulin and glucagon. The external excretion contributes to the development of a normal digestive substance. These hormones are produced by feeding beta cells. Insulin reduces sugar, and glucagon increases.
With increased glucose level, insulin is thrown into the blood and causes glucose intrusion into the cell. Food contributes to supplementing insulin, so the sugar does not increase, its level is stable. Excess glucose is stored in the liver, like glucagon, when necessary, is turned into glucose. With glucose deficiency, Glucagon retains glycogen, successfully transferring to the consistency of glucose, more than providing energy for the body.
Normal glucose levels range from 75 to 115 mg/dl in the morning, before eating. Then, after eating, the glucose level reached 125-145 mg/dL.
Types of diabetesThe form of insulin dependence (type 1 diabetes);
The form of insulinone dependence (type 2 diabetes).
The first type of pathology is the helplessness of pancreatic cells for the growth of proper insulin (production may not be). The cause of such failures is both the complete death of gland cells and adverse factors - viruses, stress, weak immune system, incorrect eating, inflammation in any form directly in the pancreas and excess fat.
Type 1 diabetes requires compulsory insulin injection by strict graphics.
The second type of disease, depends on insulin, is more common, characterized by the development of a sufficient insulin standard, but the body does not notice it, the result is a small dose of insulin. The causes are different: from obesity to diseases of internal organs, thyroid and pituitary glands. An important point is the use of different spectrum drugs.
TokenWith both types of diseases, sugar cannot absorb at the cell level and it originates from blood cells, forcing them to starve them energetic. The signs of diabetes of both types are the same - this is a lot of urination, in large quantities, the desire to drink a lot of liquid, reduce body weight with good nutrition, increase fatigue, regenerate skin, the appearance of wounds and form pus.
The difference in signs is as follows: The first type of development in the shortest time possible and quite bright. In patients with the second disease, it conducts potential, no signs and can make it feel random. In urine, the test of such people, the road is found, its presence is abnormal. In the patient's urine, the first type is sugar and acetone.
TreatmentThe first type is treated with continuous insulin injections, and if type 2 diabetes has developed. ThenIt is prescribed hypoglycemic treatment with drugs that reduce sugar concentration. The time of an integrated and appropriate approach is important here.
Oral medicineIn the initial stage of the disease, the treatment of A-glucosidase inhibitors, sulfonylmochevina preparations are effective.
Drugs - Biguanides.
Plant drugs, folk remedies, dietary supplements are used effectively in the treatment of diabetes.
It is important to know and understand that this disease is implicit and dangerous complications. In all directions, they quietly climb and in the future can lead to disabilities, and often death.
The problem mayPeriodontal disease, stomatitis.
Liver disease.
Disorders in the bile system.
Violating in the brain and malfunctioning in blood supply.
Diseases of visual channels and various lesions can be blind.
DietTherapy is scientifically called "ripe diet", strictly prescribed in the order of a doctor, according to the type of disease. It is important to focus on the principle of orientation, for example, eliminating fried, spicy, salty and spicy foods. Go down with canned space and wine, also remove sweets. Strict control and fat limit, digital digital techniques of food. The diet in diabetes is the main component of maintaining a relatively normal state.
With type 1 diabetesDiet rules with this type aims to calculate the exact calculation of the unit of bread or carbohydrate in food. The important thing is not food, but quantitative parameters.
The account is maintained: Single food consumption with 7-8 units of bread, in carbohydrates up to 90 grams. Before eating, insulin dose and the amount of bread in the unit are always calculated before meals. The completely sweet liquid of any type is excluded.
With type 2 diabetesHere, most importantly, to stabilize carbohydrate processes. In treatment, exercise is used and reduces food consumption with calories. The calculation is done by a personal program.
Products allowedMushrooms and broth with vegetables, sugar beets, Okroshka, low fish decoction.
Low pieces of beef, veal, rabbit, chicken fillet.
Rice barley and wheat all kinds of bread and bran.
Fish without fat: You can boil and bake.
Small cheese, sour stove, yogurt.
Eggs up to 2 pieces per week and only protein. The yolk is sometimes.
Rolling trees, barley porridge, buckwheat, oatmeal and pearl barley
Salad foliage, pumpkin, cucumber, tomatoes, zucchini, cabbage and eggplant. The best vegetable is boiled and baked. Potatoes are very small.
Fruits and berries without sweetness, for example, apples, grapefruit. Juice and composes on a sorbiti.
Product productsFatty meat broth.
Fatty meat of any type.
Baked, roll, sdoba.
Fatty fish.
Any kind of pickles and smoking.
Fish and meat in canned food, in oil solutions, caviar.
All types of salty cheese, cheese species with sugar and butter.
Types of rice, semolina and white pasta in any form.
Salt and marinade, vegetables of the bean family.
Strawberries, grapes, figs, bananas, day, jam, chocolate.
Grapes, peaches and other species have increased sweetness.
With alarming signals, it is necessary to go to doctors if the symptoms of diabetes are found and start timely preventive measures, and treatment courses. Prevention is especially important for people who tend to be inherited as type 2 diabetes, excess body weight or pancreatic disease.
Today, patients with this disease have the opportunity to be relevant and actually to avoid difficulties and at a high level of life. Anyone can avoid and prevent the spread of the disease. Any disease can easily access all types to treat diabetes. This is a series of plant variants and synthesis of drugs, insulin preparations, equipment for their inputs into the body, the apparatus of the type of control.
Today, unique courses and seminars for the purpose of teaching patients available. High -class experts, experts in their fields can access and introduce in a way to the process of any desire and suffering about all the problems related to this disease.
Important rules for diabeticsCheck and consult continuously with the cardiologist to avoid the growth of atherosclerosis and heart attack.
Control pressure difficult.
Regularly visit the ophthalmology office, check the visual equipment.
Check the status of the blood vessels and joints of the lower limbs.
In fresh air is enough.
